15 free questions from the CinnaRN health promotion and maintenance bank (271 in the app). Tap an answer to check it. The rationale opens right away.
A nurse is teaching a primigravida about the signs of true labor. Which statement by the client indicates correct understanding?
Answer: B. Contractions that get stronger and closer together and do not ease with rest mean true labor
True labor contractions become regular, increase in frequency and intensity, are not relieved by rest or position change, and produce progressive cervical dilation, often with bloody show. False (Braxton Hicks) contractions are irregular, do not intensify, and ease with rest or walking. Recognizing that contractions that strengthen with walking signal true labor shows correct understanding.
A healthcare worker has a documented exposure to hepatitis B from a needlestick and has never been vaccinated. Which postexposure intervention should the nurse anticipate?
Answer: B. Administer hepatitis B immune globulin and start the vaccine series
For an unvaccinated worker exposed to hepatitis B, postexposure prophylaxis includes hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) for immediate passive immunity plus initiation of the hepatitis B vaccine series for active immunity. Antibiotics do not treat a viral exposure, hepatitis A vaccine is unrelated, and simply observing without prophylaxis leaves the worker unprotected.
A client with schizophrenia takes an antipsychotic and works outdoors in hot weather. Which teaching is the priority to prevent a serious complication?
Answer: A. Stay hydrated and avoid prolonged exposure to high heat
Antipsychotics impair the body's ability to regulate temperature (they affect the hypothalamus and can reduce sweating), increasing the risk of heat stroke in hot environments. The priority teaching is to avoid overheating: stay hydrated, take breaks in cool areas, avoid prolonged heat exposure, and recognize signs of heat illness. Increasing caffeine, limiting fluids, or exercising in peak heat would worsen the risk.
A nurse is counseling a client diagnosed with hepatitis C. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the disease?
Answer: A. "I will avoid alcohol because it can worsen my liver damage."
Hepatitis C is bloodborne and a leading cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis; many infections become chronic. Avoiding alcohol is critical because alcohol accelerates liver damage. There is no vaccine for hepatitis C (vaccines exist for A and B). It is not transmitted by casual contact such as hugging, and direct-acting antiviral therapy can now cure most cases.
A nurse is teaching a client with chronic cholecystitis about dietary management. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Answer: B. Follow a low-fat diet, limiting fried and fatty foods
Because fat triggers gallbladder contraction and biliary pain, clients with cholecystitis should follow a low-fat diet, limiting fried foods, fatty meats, and rich dairy. A high-fat or high-fried diet would provoke symptoms. Protein and carbohydrates are generally tolerated in moderation, so a low-fat eating pattern is the key teaching point.
A nurse teaches a pregnant client about recommended weight gain. For a normal pre-pregnancy BMI, the typical range is about:
Answer: B. About 25–35 lb
For a normal-BMI client, recommended total pregnancy weight gain is about 25–35 lb (11–16 kg). Underweight clients gain more; overweight clients gain less.
A pregnant client at 26 weeks gestation tells the nurse she eats tuna several times a week, drinks two cups of coffee daily, and avoids alcohol. Which statement requires further teaching?
Answer: A. I eat tuna several times a week.
Large predatory fish such as tuna, swordfish, and king mackerel are high in mercury, which can harm fetal neurologic development; intake should be limited. Moderate caffeine (under 200 mg, about one to two cups) and alcohol avoidance are appropriate, so those do not require correction.
A client recovering from a total knee replacement is using a continuous passive motion (CPM) machine. Which teaching is appropriate regarding its use?
Answer: B. "The machine gradually increases knee motion to prevent stiffness."
The CPM machine gradually increases knee flexion to improve range of motion and prevent stiffness and adhesions; settings are advanced per the prescription as tolerated. It is not meant to be left on continuously without breaks regardless of pain, it does not replace prescribed exercises, and the client should report severe pain rather than push through it.
A nurse is teaching a client with a new sigmoid colostomy about colostomy irrigation to regulate bowel evacuation. Which instruction is correct?
Answer: B. Irrigate at the same time each day to establish a pattern
When colostomy irrigation is used to establish a regular pattern, it should be performed at the SAME time each day, ideally after a meal to take advantage of the gastrocolic reflex. The irrigation cone/sleeve is used with lukewarm water; irrigation is generally appropriate for sigmoid/descending colostomies, not ileostomies.
Parents ask the nurse how to protect their infant from a common cause of severe pediatric diarrhea. Which vaccine should the nurse identify as preventing the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants?
Answer: A. Rotavirus vaccine
Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children, and the oral rotavirus vaccine prevents it. The varicella, MMR, and hepatitis A vaccines target different illnesses.
A nurse provides teaching about preventing iodine-deficiency goiter in a community. Which dietary recommendation is appropriate?
Answer: B. Use iodized salt and include iodine-rich foods such as seafood
Adequate dietary iodine prevents simple (iodine-deficiency) goiter and supports normal thyroid hormone production. Using iodized salt and consuming iodine-containing foods such as seafood and dairy meets the body's iodine needs. Avoiding all iodine would promote, not prevent, goiter.
A nurse is teaching a client with COPD about pursed-lip breathing. Which statement by the client indicates correct understanding?
Answer: B. I will breathe in through my nose and breathe out slowly through pursed lips
Pursed-lip breathing involves inhaling through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips, which creates back pressure that keeps airways open longer and reduces air trapping. The exhalation should be longer than the inhalation. Rapid forceful breathing would worsen air trapping.
The nurse observes a 3-year-old in the clinic playroom. Which type of play is most characteristic of a child this age?
Answer: C. Associative play
Preschoolers typically engage in associative play, interacting and sharing materials without strictly organized rules or shared goals. Solitary and parallel play are seen in infants and toddlers, and cooperative play with assigned roles emerges in school-age children.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child about absence (petit mal) seizures. Which description is accurate?
Answer: A. Brief staring spells lasting a few seconds with no memory of the episode
Absence seizures are brief lapses of awareness, often described as staring spells lasting a few seconds, sometimes with subtle eye blinking, after which the child resumes activity with no memory of the event. They are not the same as prolonged convulsions, do not typically cause falls and jerking like tonic-clonic seizures, and are not periods of aggressive behavior.
A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with asthma how to use a peak flow meter for home monitoring. Which statement by the client indicates correct understanding?
Answer: A. A yellow zone reading means I should follow my action plan and may need my rescue inhaler
A peak flow reading in the yellow zone (typically 50 to 80 percent of the client's personal best) signals caution and the need to follow the action plan, often using the rescue inhaler. The green zone means good control, and the red zone (below 50 percent) is a medical emergency. Peak flow should be measured regularly, not only when symptomatic.
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